sovIET
MODERNISM
One of the "three main directions of architecture of the USSR along with"avant-garde and"Soviet neoclassicism
WHAT KIND OF STYLE?
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The USSR left behind three great architectural styles: Constructivism, Stalinist Empire Style and Soviet modernism, or Sovmod, which is now treated rather coolly.
TOWER LABORATORY OF THE CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RTK
It is generally believed that the beauty of Soviet architecture ended on the Stalin skyscrapers, and the appearance of gloomy Khrushchevs and expressionless Brezhnevs is associated with the Soviet fashion. But this is not the case. Soviet modernism has nevertheless given rise to a number of amazing buildings that definitely deserve attention.
RU/EN
The USSR left behind three great architectural styles: Constructivism, Stalinist Empire Style and Soviet modernism, or Sovmod, which is now treated rather coolly.
DECEMBER 7, 1954
Nikita Khrushchev harshly criticized Stalin's richly decorated architecture. All the buildings of the last 20 years were now considered a criminal waste of funds and unjustified excesses.
The Secretary General proclaimed architectural restructuring and outlined two goals: to solve the housing issue by providing a separate apartment for each family, and to do it as cheaply as possible with the help of standard design and industrialization of production.
Functionality and practicality were expected from the new buildings in the first place. Simplicity, conciseness, correct proportions, the connection between the form and the purpose of the building — that's what the architecture should have been. Decorative elements were prohibited in any form.
OSTANKINO TV TAWER
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The decision to build it was made in 1956, when preparations for the launch of the first artificial satellite of the Earth were being completed. During the development of the project, the site, first allocated in New Cheryomushki, was moved to Ostankino, where rocket designer Sergei Korolev received a dacha and residential houses for cosmonauts were soon built.
The surroundings of the tower are full of reminders of the space program: the monument to the Conquerors of space, the rocket at VDNH, Zvezdny Boulevard, Cosmonauts Alley, streets named after rocket scientists Korolev, Zander, Kondratyuk.
The surroundings of the tower are full of reminders of the space program: the monument to the Conquerors of space, the rocket at VDNH, Zvezdny Boulevard, Cosmonauts Alley, streets named after rocket scientists Korolev, Zander, Kondratyuk.
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THE HIGHEST AT THE TIME OF CONSTRUCTION
The designer said that the shape of the tower with the base in the form of a cone appeared to him in a dream in the image of an inverted lily.
On level 325-360 meters the tower extends by: fact, barrel planted a 10-storey circular building housing sensitive equipment, 3-storey restaurant and observation deck added to program tower sample of Stuttgart.
On level 325-360 meters the tower extends by: fact, barrel planted a 10-storey circular building housing sensitive equipment, 3-storey restaurant and observation deck added to program tower sample of Stuttgart.
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A STRUCTURE IN THE WORLD THAT HAS NO ANALOGUES
ACCORDING TO THE TECHNICAL SOLUTION
OF CONSTRUCTION
THE HIGHEST AT THE TIME
A STRUCTURE IN THE WORLD
THAT HAS NO ANALOGUES
archItectural language of SOVMOD
was dry and too sImple
MINISTRY OF HIGHWAYS OF GEORGIA
SOVMOD IN GEORGIA
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The structure in the form of beams that lie perpendicular to each other is designed to compensate for the 30-meter drop between the two streets of Tbilisi and consists of five horizontal, two-story transverse beams (crossbars) that look as if stacked on top of each other.
The Ministry of Highways is one of the most famous modernist buildings inGeorgia. Architect Georgy Chakhava at the time of the design held the position of Minister of Highways, therefore he was both the customer and the contractor.
Three them are direction East the West, across to slope, and two — in direction North South, along the slope. They are supported by the crossbars located at the bottom.Horizontal two-storey beams are mounted on three rods. There are stairs and elevators in them, the highest core has 18 floors. The supporting structures are made of steel and reinforced concrete and rest on a massive rock. The building has an area of 10,960 m2.
AND IN BAKU
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"PEARL" RESTAURANT IN BAKU
Cafe "Pearl" was built in 1962 onPrimorsky Boulevard on the initiative of the Chairman of the Baku City Executive Committee, Alish Lemberansky. It is assumed that Lemberansky made the decision to build the "Pearl" after, while on a business trip to Scandinavia, he saw a photo of a similar restaurant Los Manantiales, built in 1958 in the suburbs of Mexico City by the Spanish architect Felix Candela.
Designed for 50 guests, the cafe is formed of 8 shells with hyperbolic paraboloids 5 cm thick.The peculiarity was also achieved by an interesting solved overlap— a thin (6-8 cm) reinforced concrete shell made of shotcrete on a solid wooden formwork, broken in the form of a flower.
The pavilion is very well located on the section of the upper terrace of the boulevard that protrudes to the sea. Always perceived against the background of the sea, it resembles sails.
In the cafe, built in the modernist style, the transition of the cult of the right angle to curved organic forms is noticeable. The cafe building was built of reinforced concrete in the shape of a pearl shell. The interior is formed by canopies with a large outrigger.
THE UNRECOGNIZED BEAUTY OF SOVIET MODERNISM
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The House of Writers on the lake. Sevan is
a monument to the dream of the avant—garde of the XX century and an icon of Khrushchev's architectural modernism.
The architects preferred elements of futuristic aesthetics in order to emphasize the greatness of the country that was the first to send a man into space
a monument to the dream of the avant—garde of the XX century and an icon of Khrushchev's architectural modernism.
The architects preferred elements of futuristic aesthetics in order to emphasize the greatness of the country that was the first to send a man into space
Sanatorium "Druzhba", Yalta
The construction site turned out to be very unsuccessful. In addition to landslides, there was a tectonic fault and an 8-point seismic activity. It was impossible to build in the usual way here. Architect I. Vasilevsky decided to use a system in which the building minimally touches the beveled relief.
The construction site turned out to be very unsuccessful. In addition to landslides, there was a tectonic fault and an 8-point seismic activity. It was impossible to build in the usual way here. Architect I. Vasilevsky decided to use a system in which the building minimally touches the beveled relief.
ARCHITECTURAL MODERNISM IN THE USSR
IT BECAME A REFLECTION OF THE POST-WAR TND
FIND A NEW APPROACH TO URBAN DEVELOPMENT,
TO PROVIDE FOR THE POPULATION
AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND WORK.
For a long time, Soviet modernism was not recognized by architectural critics, despite the fact that there was great interest in it in the West. Inattention was one of the reasons that the buildings were poorly preserved.
In addition, the architects of Soviet modernism created houses in the space of the environment, they thought out how the buildings would interact with it. Later, many spaces were rebuilt, and this is another reason why modernist buildings have not been preserved so well.
Longrid was created for non-commercial purposes. All materials are taken from open Internet sources.
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